Alzheimer’s disease alters the brain in ways that can influence an individual’s behaviour. On certain days, the individual may appear to be their usual self, while on other days, they may exhibit atypical behaviours. This fluctuation from day to day is typical among individuals with Alzheimer’s. This blog provides information on some of the prevalent behavioural changes experienced by those with Alzheimer’s and offers strategies for managing these changes.

In addition to cognitive and memory impairments, individuals with Alzheimer’s may exhibit symptoms such as restlessness, sleep disturbances, and hallucinations. They might engage in wandering, pacing, and displaying atypical behaviours. These challenges can complicate the responsibilities of caregivers. It is crucial to understand that these alterations are a result of the disease rather than a reflection of the individual with Alzheimer’s.

Behavioural changes commonly observed in Alzheimer’s include:

• Exhibiting signs of anxiety or fear
• Becoming easily upset, worried, or angry
• Demonstrating signs of depression or a lack of interest in activities
• Concealing items or believing that others are hiding things
• Experiencing delusions or hallucinations
• Feeling unjustly suspicious or threatened by others
• Frequently pacing
• Exhibiting unusual sexual behaviors
• Wandering away from familiar surroundings
• Engaging in physical aggression towards others
• Misinterpreting visual or auditory stimuli
• Struggling to maintain uninterrupted sleep throughout the night.

How to Manage Behavioural Changes

Understanding how to effectively manage behavioural changes can significantly alleviate stress for individuals with Alzheimer’s, as well as for their caregivers and family members. Below are several strategies to consider:

• Review and disseminate the infographic titled “Do’s and Don’ts: Communicating with a Person Who Has Alzheimer’s Disease” for guidance on effective communication.
• Exercise patience, refrain from displaying frustration, and avoid engaging in arguments.
• Provide reassurance to the individual, emphasizing your willingness to assist them.
• Familiarize yourself with effective communication techniques tailored for individuals with Alzheimer’s.
• Shift their focus to a different object or activity, such as enjoying music, reading, or taking a walk.
• Establish a soothing home environment by minimizing noise and clutter, while incorporating cherished items like photographs.
• Strive to maintain a consistent daily routine for activities such as bathing, dressing, and meals.
• Encourage physical activity, as it can enhance mood and improve sleep quality.